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最新移民大調查: 90%的457簽證者滿意澳洲的生活

一般而言，澳洲被視為適合其他國家人士工作及定居的地方，但近期的最大規模移民調查數據顯示，移民在某些方面的經歷仍未盡人意或遭到歧視。

據澳洲報導，持457臨時技術移民簽證來澳的新移民最為快樂，生活也過得更為豐富。有九成的457簽證移民對澳洲的生活感到滿意。與之形成對比的是，很多持獨立技術移民簽證來澳的人難以找到工作，其中有近半數的人稱需要適應或連付賬單都有困難。

斯坎倫基金會（Scanlon Foundation）和蒙納士大學（Monash University）、澳洲多元文化基金會（Australian Multicultural Foundation）針對萬名出生於澳洲、或是近期從20個國家來澳的人進行調查，並撰寫了名為《今日澳洲人》（Australians Today）的報告。

報告作者馬庫斯（Andrew Markus）發現，在對生活的滿意度方面，457移民和那些獨立技術移民之間有著巨大差異。他分析稱，“覺得生活艱難的獨立技術移民的比例，比457簽證者多了一倍有餘。其中最具可能性的原因是457簽證者在來澳之前，工作就已經安排好了”。

對很多獨立技術移民或持其他簽證類別的人來說，雖然他們能夠達到來澳的要求，但要憑自己的專業領域及工作經驗找工作卻面臨巨大的困難，其中包括了難以掌握自己所不熟悉的制度要求，以及缺乏本地工作經驗等。

很多新移民甚至已來澳多年的人都認為，在求職過程中會因為種族及宗教信仰而遭遇歧視。

但很多新移民都對自己在澳的生活前景持樂觀態度。就“澳洲是一個充滿經濟機會，只要長期努力工作就能過上好日子”這個問題上，最近5年來澳的移民中僅有6%表示不贊同，比起2001-2005年調查時的13%，以及1991-1995年時的18%大幅減少。

與之類似的是，來澳不足5年的新移民對聯邦政府、澳洲移民及邊境保護部以及綜援Centrelink的信任度，比來澳10-14年的移民更高。

對澳歸屬感隨居留時間增加

在被問及對澳洲的歸屬感時，僅有9%的新移民稱“完全沒有”，而在2001年後來澳的移民中，有近65%對澳洲的歸屬感為“非常大”或“適度”；1991-2000年期間來澳的移民，有歸屬感的達到82%，1981至1990年期間來澳的更是高達88%。

入籍比例也是顯示移民對澳洲認同度的一大重要指標。在澳居留5到9年的移民有約50%都稱已經是澳洲公民，居住10至14年的移民的入籍率為59%，居住15至19年的移民的入籍率則高達82%。

報告還顯示，新老移民在與祖國的聯繫方面也有所區分。在2011年至2015年期間來澳的移民裡，有71%左右會每天或每週通過短信或社交媒體與在祖國的親友聯繫；而2001至2005年期間來澳移民的這一比例則降到了65%。

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Temporary Graduate Visa

The Temporary Graduate visa (subclass 485) lets you live, study and work in Australia temporarily after you have finished your studies. Students are only able to access the Temporary Graduate visa (subclass 485) once as a primary applicant.

Graduate Work stream:

for international students who graduate with qualifications that are closely related. A visa in this stream is granted for 18 months.

Post-Study Work stream:

for international students who graduate with an eligible qualification. This stream is only available to students who applied for and were granted their first student visa on or after 5 November 2011. A visa in this stream can be granted for up to four years, depending on the qualification obtained in Australia.

Two-year Australian study requirement

It is possible to apply for a GSM subclass 485 visa, whether under the Post-Study Work stream or Graduate Work stream, on the basis of having completed studies after at least two years in Australia. Under Schedule 6D points are also available to applicants completing qualifications after at least two years of study in Australia.

Common criteria to meet in both the Graduate Work stream and Post-Study Work stream

The applicant must satisfy common criteria for the grant of a visa, which are found in Schedule 2 to the Regulations.

Common requirements are:

  • the main applicant must not have previously held a subclass 476 or 485 visa on the basis of satisfying the primary criteria;
  • when the application was made, it was accompanied by evidence that the main applicant had competent English;
  • when the application was made, it was accompanied by evidence that all applicants aged 16 or over included in the application had applied for Australian Federal Police checks in the 12 months before the application is made;
  • when the application was made, it was accompanied by evidence that all applicants included in the application had made arrangements to undergo medical examinations for the application;
  • when the application was made, it was accompanied by evidence that all applicants included in the application had adequate arrangements in Australia for health insurance. In addition, all applicants included in the application need to show that they have had adequate arrangements in Australia for health insurance since the time the application was made. That is, to cover the period when the application was made and when the Department is assessing the application (ie time of decision).
    • applicants who are also student visa holders may present evidence of a valid Overseas Student Health Cover (OSHC) policy at time of visa application to satisfy this criterion. However, OSHC is not acceptable at time of decision;
    • if the applicant moves from the student visa to a bridging visa when their student visa ceases, they will be required to obtain a non-OSHC policy to meet health insurance requirements for their subclass 485 visa application immediately after their OHSC ceases;
    • if the applicant is not a student visa holder when they make their application, OSHC is not acceptable evidence of health insurance;
  • all applicants must meet health, character and other public interest and special return criteria
  • all applicants must hold a valid passport, unless it would be unreasonable to require them to do so;
  • this visa subclass is subject to capping.
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